SCIENTIFIC STUDY
Field study of PFAS in soils receiving Class B biosolids
About this source
Ian Pepper and coauthors’ 2021 study; PubMed supplies bibliographic information and the authors’ abstract. Online June 18, 2021; issue November 1, 2021.
- Source type
- Scientific study
- Source classification
- Primary source
- Source date
Relevant excerpt / notes
Producer: Study authors; bibliographic record hosted by the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Source class: Primary record or first-party statement. What it supports: Ian Pepper and coauthors’ 2021 study; PubMed supplies bibliographic information and the authors’ abstract. Online June 18, 2021; issue November 1, 2021. Limitations: Abstract-level review, not a complete independent methods audit. Both biosolids and irrigation water were relevant in the study; local source attribution needs local evidence. Date: 2021-06-18. Reviewed September 19, 2026.
Original URL
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34174610/Related claims 3
- UnverifiedClaim under review: Is there evidence linking AgTech material to a local groundwater PFAS detection?
This page documents an unresolved claim or research lead. It is not a finding of fact. UNRESOLVED. CAUSATION NOT ESTABLISHED. A plausible pathway alone does not establish a measured source connection.
- Needs ContextDoes lower PFAS concentration at depth prove there is no groundwater risk?
Study results require their sampling and geographic context.
- VerifiedPFAS has been found in municipal biosolids and amended soils.
PFAS occurrence is documented in studied materials.
Related articles 1
- PFAS and Biosolids: What We Know About Yuma
PFAS occurrence is documented in biosolids research. Local concentration, exposure and responsibility require a separate chain of evidence.
People 1
- Ian Pepper
Ian Pepper is a named author of the reviewed PFAS study abstracts and is quoted in the University of Arizona’s February 2026 account of biosolids research and Pima disposal costs. Research findings and cost statements have different evidentiary limits.
Related topics 1
- Yuma Biosolids / AgTech
A source-first guide to Yuma’s biosolids debate: the lease decision, City contract, fly research, PFAS questions and the records still needed.